![]() … I think grammar is absolutely fascinating, endlessly fascinating. She says that her students enjoy learning grammar as much as she enjoys teaching it. “There have been a number of research studies that show the combination of having a grammar component in a communicative program allows students to progress faster and better than if there were no grammar component.”īetty Azar hopes that her textbooks help teachers learn to make the teaching of grammar fun. TIRF’s research reports that teaching grammar along with communication is effective. This approach makes students afraid to speak, because they do not want to make any mistakes.Īn organization called The International Research Foundation for English Language Education (TIRF) has been doing long-term studies of ESL students. Swan says, is when teachers try to make their students “perfect” English speakers by teaching too much grammar. If the students have a native language with a similar grammar rule, they do not need to spend time practicing it in English. He wants teachers to understand their students’ language backgrounds, too. Michael Swan says that teachers should apply modern research on language to teach the most frequent grammar points before they spend time on those that are not often used. What does the research show about teaching grammar? You’re going to have hostility towards teaching grammar.” If you don’t know any grammar of your own language, and then you are asked to teach it, you walk into a class very likely your students may know more grammar than you know, and you cannot answer their questions. “We now have an entire pool of possible teachers who don’t know the grammar of their own language. Azar imagines that many teachers are not comfortable teaching grammar because they do not know how to answer their students’ questions. in the 1960s, most native speakers of English did not learn it in school. Why do some teachers hate teaching grammar?īecause grammar was removed from the regular course of study in the U.S. “But to teach grammar as a subject matter and test it as though you were testing the memorization of dates in history is sure to bore everybody and not reach the goals that you are trying to reach - successful communication experiences.” ![]() Others need explanations and more practice. Some may see a pattern and understand the rule. Each may have a different learning style when it comes to learning grammar. It just means, ‘grammar is where we're going to start, and then we're going to have a lot of fun with it, and practice, and do a lot of interesting things, and, most importantly, have successful communication experiences.’ Those are the building blocks of learning a second language.”Īnother piece of advice for teachers is that students do not all learn in the same way. “If you have a class named 'grammar,' it doesn't mean you're teaching rules that the students have to learn. It is a way to help students along the way to communication. Teachers try to get students to memorize rules. Azar sees is that grammar can be taught as a subject, like history or math. First, will understanding the point help students be understood – will it help them understand better? Next, if that is true, will learning the grammar point help learners be acceptable as English speakers? ![]() He writes that when teachers are deciding which grammar points to teach, they should first ask two questions. Michael Swan is a co-author of the Oxford English Grammar Course. “From there you do conversations, you do games, you do communicative interaction, you do all of the wonderful things you do in a second language classroom, but you do it in combination with having a solid foundation of the structures that they are using.” She talked with VOA about how teachers can move from grammar to communication experiences. Grammar is just the starting point.”īetty Azar is a world famous expert on teaching English grammar. ![]() I think that is a misconception - that teaching grammar is a boring thing to do - when teaching grammar, for me, always was the class I looked forward to the most because grammar was just the foundation. “For me teaching grammar is the most fun class of all. Have you ever heard an English teacher say, “Teaching grammar is boring!” Betty Azar has, and she strongly disagrees. Azar will offer some advice on how to teach grammar. Azar also supports research and professional development in the English language teaching field. The famous blue grammar book, now in its fourth edition, is in use at language schools across the world. Generations of English learners will recognize her best-selling book Understanding and Using English Grammar. Betty Azar is the most successful writer of grammar textbooks in the world. ![]()
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![]() ![]() We recommend a 1 to 1.5hr session for trial lessons. Can I have a trial lesson for my child to see if he/she likes it? Lesson 6: Remote Communication & ControllerįAQ 1. Students at this stage should be able to utilise the different concepts learnt at Level 1 to solve problems through critical thinking and application of knowledge and building skills. Open Ended Projects with Computational Thinking LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 Masterclass Level 2: Home Delivery and Collection for Rental Sets for Hybrid Lessons Certificate Completion (for Full Programme) Lesson 7: Precipitation Patterns & Flood Prevention Lesson 4: Building Structures & Natural Disastersīuild a Pollination Scenario (Flower and Insect) Milo the Science Rover (Motor, Tilt Sensor, Motion Sensor) Guided Learning with Science Context Lesson 1: Getting Started Project Our Curriculum LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 Masterclass Level 1: Why Should Your Child Join our Formal Course? Upon graduating the LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 Masterclass Programme, students are encouraged to continue to the LEGO Education SPIKE Prime Masterclass Programme and join the FIRST LEGO League Singapore, an annual national robotics competition using SPIKE Prime robots. Instructors will guide with troubleshooting and reflection process to build resilience, critical thinking skills and boost their creativity process through useful prompts. ![]() ![]() Students get to build original ideas and also learn to communicate their thought process and operations of their models. The challenges will surround real-world issues such as global warming, animal rescue, space transportation and many more. Instructors will pose weekly challenges in various themes that students will attempt to solve using the WeDo 2.0 set. The projects and models are set in science themes such as natural sciences and physical sciences, where they will learn various science concepts along with engineering and building skills.Īt Level 2, students would have a good grasp of the WeDo 2.0 set. Level 2 - Open-ended Projects with Computational ThinkingĪt Level 1, students will be introduced to the different parts available and how to use them in simple to intermediate level projects. Level 1 - Guided Learning with Science Context The Masterclass programme consists of 2 Levels: At the LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 Masterclass, your child will learn the full spectrum of uses, techniques, concepts and skills required to effectively create problem-solving robots using the LEGO Education WeDo 2.0 set. ![]() ![]() ![]() The all-female team of five has been crafting chocolate since 2010 and now produce up to 10,000 bars a week, with all of the work save the chocolate tempering undertaken by hand.Their fun and brightly designed bars contain ingredients from all over the UK, from Maldon sea salt to Yorkshire biscuits, Scottish edible flowers, and coffee beans from Bedfordshire roasters. Mother-daughter duo Andrea Huntingdon and Lucy Elliott, otherwise known as Creighton’s, are celebrated for their small-batch, handmade artisan chocolates and their innovative flavour combinations which cover include anything from retro biscuits to ramen. If you’re a fan of white chocolate, Dormhouse’s 39% Madagascan Toasted White, which is made with caramelised milk powder, is a must it was the only white chocolate bar to be awarded gold at 2018’s Academy of Chocolate Awards. The Christmas stollen bar – which contains roasted almonds and cherries – typically gains a long waiting list from as soon as October, so be sure to register your interest early. Now operating out of Manchester’s Great Northern Warehouse, Isobel produces micro batches of quality chocolate of around 3-10kg, up to three times a week.Ĭore ingredients are kept simple: just cacao, sugar, and organic milk powder, but she also creates a number of limited edition and seasonal bars, wrapped in beautiful paper. Fan of hot chocolate? Phil supplies London hotspots Pophams Bakery and De Beauvoir Deli to name but a few outlets.ĭormouse Chocolate founder Isobel Carse began making artisanal chocolate bars in 2015 in her kitchen at home, where everything down to the peeling of beans to making cocoa butter was completed by hand. He also works with a local forager, Jon the Poacher, to source London-based ingredients such as cobnuts, fennel and alexander seeds, and is planning on producing some seasonal collaborations in his British chocolate bars. ![]() While he creates single-origin bars from around the world, Phil also collaborates with local producers as much as possible Land’s 65% Malt Dark Chocolate bar uses malt barley grain from East London brewery Pressure Drop. Despite this intricate process, Phil single-handedly is able to make up to 60kg batches at a time, twice a week. Today, from his workshop in East London, Phil – who has worked with chocolatiers such as Paul A Young and Mast Brothers – hand sorts his cocoa beans before roasting, cracking, winnowing (where the outer shell is removed to reveal the cacao nibs that make the chocolate), grinding and conching them. In 2013, fresh from travelling Central America and a stint working on a cocoa farm, Land’s chocolatier Phil Landers switched a career in radio to set up an artisanal chocolate company. But Britain’s chocolate industry isn’t just about Dairy Milk! Within the country there are plenty of chocolate artisans producing small-batch chocolate confections, with high-quality, provenance and fair trade forefront in their minds. When you think of British chocolates, confectionary such as Double Deckers or Quality Streets come to mind. Kayleigh Rattle explores some of the UK’s best craft chocolate makers, from mother-daughter duos creating sweet-inspired confectionery to East Anglian bakers using freshly-baked cakes and loaves to flavour their bars ![]() ![]() It is a bourbon style whiskey and is bottled at 80 proof. Tx Whiskey is made from 100% corn and is distilled in Texas. So, drink responsibly! What kind of whiskey is Tx? The ginger ale can cause you to become drunk more quickly than if you were drinking just whiskey on its own. One important thing to remember is that this drink should not be consumed in large quantities. Others like to add a splash of cranberry juice for a tart taste. Some people like to mix a little bit of lime juice into their drink for extra flavor. Otherwise, the drink will be too sweet and not very enjoyable. When mixing these two beverages together, it is important to use a ginger ale that is not too sweet. This is a popular drink combination, especially among those who enjoy spicy flavors. Yes, you can mix ginger ale with whiskey. No matter how you choose to drink it, Texas bourbon is a unique and delicious bourbon that you won’t find anywhere else. ![]() You can also try the Texas Margarita, which is made with Texas bourbon, lime juice, and agave nectar. To make this cocktail, mix Texas bourbon, ginger beer, and lime juice in a shaker with ice. If you want to mix it with a cocktail, there are a few options. If you want to drink it on the rocks, fill a glass with ice and add a few ounces of Texas bourbon. Then, sip it slowly and enjoy the flavor. If you want to drink it neat, pour a few ounces into a glass and swirl it around to release the aromas. You can drink it neat, on the rocks, or mixed with a cocktail. How do you drink Texas bourbon? There are a few different ways to enjoy it. It has a unique flavor that is a bit spicier than other bourbons. Texas bourbon is made with corn, rye, and malted barley, and it’s distilled in Texas. If you’re looking for a bourbon that has a bit of a Texas twist, you should try Texas bourbon. TX whiskey and TX bourbon are both great examples of the distilling traditions of Texas, and are worth trying to experience the differences between them. TX bourbon is richer and more complex, with a more pronounced flavor profile. TX whiskey is typically lighter and smoother than TX bourbon, with a more subtle flavor profile. Finally, TX bourbon is aged in new oak barrels, while TX whiskey is aged in used oak barrels.Īll of these differences result in a different flavor profile for TX whiskey and TX bourbon. TX whiskey is also distilled at a lower proof than TX bourbon. However, there are several key differences between the two.įirst, TX whiskey is made with corn, while TX bourbon is made with wheat. There is a lot of confusion between TX whiskey and TX bourbon, as they are both made in the state of Texas. What is the difference between TX whiskey and TX bourbon? If you’re looking for a whiskey that’s a bit more unique, then Texas whiskey is definitely worth considering. However, this isn’t always a bad thing – in fact, it can be a refreshing change of pace. In general, Texas whiskey is a bit rougher around the edges than other whiskeys. However, if you’re looking for something with a bit more of a bite, then Texas whiskey may be the perfect option for you. If you’re looking for something that’s smooth and sophisticated, then you may not like Texas whiskey. Well, to be honest, it really depends on what you’re looking for in a whiskey. Some people say that it’s not as good as other whiskeys, while others claim that it’s the best thing since sliced bread. There’s a lot of debate over whether Texas whiskey is any good or not. It is a smooth and flavorful bourbon that is perfect for any occasion. No matter how you drink it, Texas whiskey is sure to please. There are many different recipes for cocktails using Texas whiskey, so you can find one that fits your taste. Some people also like to drink Texas whiskey with a bit of ice, or in a cocktail. It is also a bit smoky, so some people like to drink it with a bit of water to help open up the flavors. Texas whiskey is a type of bourbon, so it is smooth and has a sweet flavor. There are many ways to drink Texas whiskey, but the most popular way is to drink it neat. And if you’re not sure what to mix it with, then there are plenty of recipes to choose from. So if you’re looking for a whiskey that has a bit of a bite, then TX whiskey is a good option. ![]() There are also many different cocktails that can be made with TX whiskey, such as the Texas Manhattan, the Lone Star Martini, and the Cowboy Sour. ![]() For example, it can be mixed with vodka to make a Texas Mule, or it can be mixed with rum to make a Cowboy Colada. TX whiskey can also be mixed with other spirits. ![]() ![]() ![]() This is technically their first meeting, though they’ve previously split matches played in qualifying and at an ITF-level event. And Tamara has not defeated a top 20 player since her 2021 run in Paris. ![]() Zidansek was a shocking semifinalist two years ago at Roland Garros, but went only 14-19 at tour level last season, and lost her first two main draw matches this year. Ons advanced to the semifinals of a tournament in Adelaide to begin 2023. She was forced to withdraw from this event in 2022 due to a back injury. Jabeur took her career to a new level last season, achieving her first two Slam finals, and accumulating a record of 47-17. Ons Jabeur (2) – 7:00pm on Rod Laver Arena However, Matteo is still a slight favorite to gain his fourth straight victory over the three-time Major singles champion in what I expect to be another close battle. ![]() Both matches were closely-contested, and Andy is certainly eager to reassert himself as a true contender. That includes two matches from last year: the aforementioned four-set battle in New York, and the final of Stuttgart on grass. The Brit’s run to the fourth round of this tournament six years ago is the last time he reached the second week of a Major.īerrettini is 3-1 against Murray, and has won their last three meetings. Unfortunately for Andy, Tuesday is forecast to be the hottest day of the week in Melbourne, and this match is scheduled during the hottest part of the day. Murray was only 29-20 in 2022, and spoke openly regarding his body wearing down easily in warm conditions. Matteo started this season by helping Italy advance to the final of the inaugural United Cup, though he lost his last two matches at that event to Stefanos Tsitsipas and Taylor Fritz. He battled multiple injuries, and COVID prevented him from playing Wimbledon, where he was one of the favorites to win the title. Andy Murray – Third on Rod Laver Arenaīerrettini was a semifinalist here a year ago, but went just 32-13 on the year. While it’s dangerous to discount the chances of a former Australian Open runner-up, Rublev should be favored on this day. Thiem claimed their first two matches, back in 20, but Andrey has now taken the last four. Rublev leads their head-to-head 4-2, and 3-1 on hard courts. Rublev is now 0-6 in the quarters at Slams, most recently losing in straight sets to Frances Tiafoe in New York. However, the quarterfinal round at Majors remains his stumbling block. But he ended last season showing some signs of his previous form by reaching a Challenger final on clay, and an ATP semifinal on a hard court, where he lost to Rublev.Īndrey went 51-20 in 2022, with four titles, three of which were on hard courts. Between 20, Dominic won just 27 matches at tour level. He’s suffered from multiple injuries, most notably to his right wrist. Since winning his first Slam title at the 2020 US Open, Thiem has endured a challenging few years. This is a blockbuster first round encounter between two of the sport’s hardest hitters. Dominic Thiem (WC) – 11:00am on John Cain Arena But based on Muguruza’s recent form, as well as Mertens’ prior success in Melbourne, I like Elise’s chances to prevail on Tuesday.Īndrey Rublev (5) vs. Most recently, Garbine defeated Elise in the semifinals of the WTA 1000 event in Dubai. Muguruza is 2-0 against Mertens, with both matches taking place on hard courts. Mertens was a modest 27-22 last season at tour level in singles, but won a hard court title in October. Elise also won the women’s doubles title at this event in 2021. Mertens was a quarterfinalist five years ago in Melbourne, which started a streak of reaching the third round or better at 18 consecutive Majors, which was broken this past summer at the US Open. And she went 0-2 the past two weeks in Australia, including a loss to Bianca Andreescu despite being up a set and a break. Garbine suffered from injuries, as well as a severe loss of confidence, going just 12-17 last season. But 2022 was a rough year for the two-time Major champion. Muguruza was the runner-up three years ago in Melbourne, and won the third biggest title of her career at the 2021 WTA Finals. Elise Mertens (26) – 11:00am on Margaret Court Arena Tuesday’s play will begin at 11:00am local time. And Novak Djokovic will play his first match at the Australian Open since the infamous deportation debacle of 2022, but how healthy is Djokovic after suffering a hamstring injury a week ago in Adelaide?Įach day this preview will highlight the four most intriguing matchups, while outlining the other notable matches on the schedule. Plus Ons Jabeur, the runner-up at the last two Slams, plays a recent Major semifinalist. Tuesday’s action also sees two Slam champions, and two 2020 finalists in Australia, take on seeded opposition, as Garbine Muguruza faces Elise Mertens, and Dominic Thiem faces off against Andrey Rublev. ![]() ![]() business names, or pet names), this page might help you come up with ideas. If you're looking for names related to brave (e.g. So it's the sort of list that would be useful for helping you build a brave vocabulary list, or just a general brave word list for whatever purpose, but it's not necessarily going to be useful if you're looking for words that mean the same thing as brave (though it still might be handy for that). So although you might see some synonyms of brave in the list below, many of the words below will have other relationships with brave - you could see a word with the exact opposite meaning in the word list, for example. ![]() There are already a bunch of websites on the net that help you find synonyms for various words, but only a handful that help you find related, or even loosely associated words. If you just care about the words' direct semantic similarity to brave, then there's probably no need for this. The frequency data is extracted from the English Wikipedia corpus, and updated regularly. You can highlight the terms by the frequency with which they occur in the written English language using the menu below. So for example, you could enter "heroic" and click "filter", and it'd give you words that are related to brave and heroic. You can also filter the word list so it only shows words that are also related to another word of your choosing. By default, the words are sorted by relevance/relatedness, but you can also get the most common brave terms by using the menu below, and there's also the option to sort the words alphabetically so you can get brave words starting with a particular letter. ![]() The words at the top of the list are the ones most associated with brave, and as you go down the relatedness becomes more slight. You can get the definition(s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it. The top 4 are: heroic, fearless, bold and courageous. Below is a massive list of brave words - that is, words related to brave. ![]() ![]() ![]() To compensate for this, you'll get access to a defibrillator that gives you a chance to revive your patient if the blood count drops to zero. The difference is that you'll sometimes lose access to tools that aren't in your hand, since trays disappear for a while. Survive that, and you'll get to perform the same surgeries on a gurney that's moving through hospital hallways. Once that occurs, the game becomes timed since blood loss occurs, forcing you to get each procedure done before the patient dies of blood loss.Īfter conquering all of those scenarios in the operating room, you'll go through them again - in the back of a moving ambulance. In all of those surgeries, you're free to plan out what to do until you make the first incision. You also get the eye transplant and tooth transplant scenarios that were exclusive to the iOS version. You start off with a heart transplant before moving on to a double kidney transplant and then a brain transplant. Surgeon Simulator only features one mode where you progress through the surgeries one at a time. ![]() It's a throwaway aspect to the game, but that doesn't hurt it. Despite some things that try to flesh out the tale, such as random phone calls to your office, there's nothing to drive the story to any real conclusion. Truth be told, the story is only here as window dressing. Using the tools at hand, you have to successfully perform all of these surgeries in any way you can. Working at a hospital in the UK, your job is to perform surgery on a patient only known as Bob, who has one malady after another. You play the role of Nigel Burke, a surgeon who's able to get the job done despite some unusual circumstances. After a trip to the iOS, the game comes to the PS4 in the form of Surgeon Simulator 2014: Anniversary Edition. It was released to the public on Steam and to much acclaim. Despite this, it was fun, and developer Bossa Studios continued working on it for another 48 hours. Built in roughly 48 hours, it was a mess with tons of bugs and a very bad control scheme. Surgeon Simulator 2013 started out as a simple Game Jam game. ![]() ![]() ![]() Anyone who has ever been in combat and seen those A-10s spoken of in a previous post during combat operations know just how effective they can be, when you ignore four years of naval warfare using rounds half their size and dead drop bombs first. ![]() The shows had it, we expected it, give it to us or don't. I would argue the merits of 20mm versus 35mm gatlin guns and how fighters could be effective against heavily armored ships but the bottom line is that the whole argument is irrelevant. It might make fighters worthless but it will allow players to use the singleplayer campaign. If you're not going to do that, adjust the points of Colonial ships so more of them can be fielded, giving Colonials and Cylons an equal footing, this helps out PVP as well since everything is simplified. Yes, you're going to take some lumps, but in the end you'll come out ahead. If you're not going to do that then tell us so the BSG fans will stop complaining. So Vipers and a fighter centric game gives us BSG and what we expect. And if it doesn't give us what we expect, we complain. We see the BSG IP being usurped for the sake of profit because calling this game BSG is going to sell units, with the expectation that it IS BSG of course. But we, the gamers, aren't stupid, just concerned. Is this the intention of the Devs? Are fighters their own thing and capitals separate? Yes, the Marketers are screaming yes! because you can sell additional capital ships to your player base and help make a profit for the next game. The Heavy Cylon raiders can do damage with their boarding parties but otherwise they become background noise to the same ratio Vipers are to Basestars. They can certainly add in to any ship to ship combat but they are not the deciding factor. This is disconcerting because once that dogfight is over the victorious fighters have nothing to do. It takes several turns for a single dogfight to be determined and capitals are able to maneuver, fire and destroy enemy ships in the meantime. This is not the opinion of a single person, it has been reported many many times. The current points system used to purchase Colonial ships factors in Vipers for combat costs but the viper is now a non-issue determining the outcome of any battle. Every BSG fan will understand the reasons so we focus on the game only problems. It's not one person's opinion, it is the opinion of a massive amount of players, especially the BSG fans. It's part of the campaign, we "save" the mark II.īut since the nerf Vipers have become worthless, it's been reported repeatedly. Exciting! But for this game we need to think along those role lines because it's a core part of the fighting. In the original series it was all fighter combat, for the new series Galactica was all they had left in a last minute desperate fight. We see those great battles between Galactica and the Basestars and demand more of the same but namely because they didn't normally take place. In BSG we see the various fighter battles between Vipers and Raiders without really thinking about their true roles. This was the death knell of the Battleship. This is because they are able to deliver small, nimble fighters and bombers directly against the huge lumbering beasts of the enemy flotilla which without it's own fighter cover finds itself overwhelmed and damaged severely if not destroyed. So why Fighter based offense? We saw in World War II (which BSG was based on) carriers becoming the kings of the sea, which they still rule to this day. The situation is no different than with any other MP game being brought out, a small, useless campaign to get the excitement flowing then off to MP combat, except that this campaign is larger. I can see why, traditionally you make more money from Multiplayer style games because you don't play by yourself, you bring your friends. We see this when they stream the tournaments and shift points to favor game balance between two players rather than how it effects the Campaign. In the time between that post and now I've also realized that the Devs are focusing on a Multiplayer PVP game rather than a Single Player experience. I also pointed out that they had failed to choose one over the other namely because BSG is based on Fighter centric combat and the game is focused on Flotilla tactics. In my prior post regarding this last update I tried to explain to the Devs there were two different disciplines of naval combat tactics, the fighter based offense and battleship based flotilla. The enthusiasts of this game have gone bonkers since the Viper was nerfed some months ago with avid cries for them to be returned to full power. ![]() ![]() ![]() Browse, open, manage, share, sign, and protect files on your PC using the best compression software in the business - WinZip 25 Pro. With all these new features and more, all-new WinZip 25 will supercharge your computing experience. It's easy to share Zip files with your team members and colleagues using WinZip's Instant Messaging function, enabling you to work together effectively, wherever you are. All-new WinZip 25 also comes with support for Microsoft Teams. There's new integrations with OneDrive and Google Drive, so you can easily access shared folders right from your desktop. 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You'll enjoy WinZip's best-in-class compression, as well as WinZip's renowned AES encryption, file sharing, and back up technologies. Right-click the Start button and choose Apps and Features (or Programs and Features) Click the WinZip entry that is listed Click Uninstall Click Yes in the User Account Control dialog if it displays Windows 8.0. Windows 8/8.1 support ended in January of 2023. With the all-new WinZip 25, we've put in the hard work so you can manage your files faster than ever before. The world's #1 zip utility just got even better. ![]() ![]() ![]() part of Springer Nature The registered company address is: The Campus, 4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XW, United Kingdom To Michael and Lucia PREFACE This volume concludes The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia. Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Image courtesy of Stephen White, used with permission. Cover illustration: Victor Koretsky, ‘If there’s war tomorrow…’ (1938). The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. ![]() The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. ![]() in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Wheatcroft School of Historical and Philosophical Studies University of Melbourne Melbourne, Australia ISBN 978-7-7 ISBN 978-8-4 (eBook) Library of Congress Control Number: 2018939734 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 The author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Davies Centre for Russian, European, and Eurasian Studies University of Birmingham Birmingham, UK Mark Harrison Department of Economics University of Warwick Coventry, UK Oleg Khlevniuk National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow, Russia Stephen G. Wheatcroft The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia Volume 7: The Soviet Economy and the Approach of War, 1937–1939 R. WHEATCROFT THE INDUSTRIALISATION OF SOVIET RUSSIA 7 THE SOVIET ECONOMY AND THE APPROACH OF WAR, 1937–1939 The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia Volume 7: The Soviet Economy and the Approach of War, 1937–1939 R. DAVIES, MARK HARRISON, OLEG KHLEVNIUK, S. ![]() |
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